Flight Safety Information - February 16, 2023 No. 033 In This Issue : Incident: Inuit DH8C at Miramichi on Feb 2nd 2023, hydraulic problem : Incident: Envoy E175 at Reno on Feb 11th 2023, flaps problem : Incident: Eva B78X enroute on Feb 14th 2023, cracked windshield : All Lufthansa flights grounded due to major IT outage : NTSB investigating runway incursion by United 777 in Honolulu : NTSB targets flap retraction, crew action on United altitude loss in Hawaii : AI Has Successfully Piloted a U.S. F-16 Fighter Jet, DARPA Says : Air India Has Option To Buy 370 More Aircraft After Giant Order: Official : How the superfast flight of astronauts and fighter pilots changes their brains : ARGUS International, Inc. is Growing Audit Production Manager Position Available : Tenure-Track Faculty Position with a focus on Unmanned Systems in the School of Graduate Studies, College of Aviation, Daytona Beach : Border Patrol to hire 200 surveillance pilots amid shortage : Graduate Research Survey : RESEARCH SURVEY Incident: Inuit DH8C at Miramichi on Feb 2nd 2023, hydraulic problem An Air Inuit de Havilland Dash 8-300, registration C-GRAI performing flight 3H-855 from Montreal,QC to Miramichi,NB (Canada), was on final approach to Miramichi's runway 09 when the crew selected the gear down but received indication of an unsafe gear along with a #2 ENG (PWC123) HYD PUMP and zero hydraulic pressure. The crew performed a missed approach, declared emergency and worked the related checklists. While working the checklists the gear extended on its own and indicated down and locked, also on the gear verification lights. The crew cancelled the emergency and landed safely on runway 09 about 45 minutes after the go around. The Canadian TSB reported maintenance inspected the aircraft with no faults found and returned the aircraft to service. https://avherald.com/h?article=5053aab4&opt=0 Incident: Envoy E175 at Reno on Feb 11th 2023, flaps problem An Envoy Embraer ERJ-175, registration N244NN performing flight AA-4227 from Austin,TX to Reno,NV (USA) with 46 people on board, was descending towards Reno when the crew stopped the descent at 11,000 feet reporting they had a message pop up of a flap failure and needed to run checklists. The crew subsequently inquired about runway conditions at Reno and decided to divert to Sacramento,CA (USA) declaring emergency. The aircraft climbed to 18,000 feet enroute to Sacramento and landed safely on Sacramento's runway 35L at a rather normal speed. The aircraft remained on the ground in Sacramento for about 3 hours, then completed the flight to Reno arriving in Reno with a delay of about 3:20 hours. https://avherald.com/h?article=50539482&opt=0 Incident: Eva B78X enroute on Feb 14th 2023, cracked windshield An Eva Air Boeing 787-10, registration B-17801 performing flight BR-75 from Bangkok (Thailand) to Amsterdam (Netherlands) with 337 passengers and 18 crew, was enroute about 90 minutes out of Bangkok when a windshield developed cracks. The crew assessed the damage and decided to continue the flight to Amsterdam, where the aircraft landed safely about 12:10 hours after departure. The aircraft is still on the ground in Amsterdam about 24 hours after landing. https://avherald.com/h?article=50538b6a&opt=0 All Lufthansa flights grounded due to major IT outage All flights operated by Lufthansa to and from Frankfurt were grounded in the morning (local time) of February 15, 2023, due to an IT outage. At the time of writing, it was not yet clear to what extent other airlines of the Lufthansa Group were affected. Austrian Airlines, for example, reported only minor problems in connection to this IT outage. Reports in the German media, such as Der Spiegel, point to the issue being operational and not security related (although another airline, SAS, reportedly suffered cyberattacks the previous day), which affects check-in, baggage handling, and boarding procedures. As a result of this outage, air traffic controllers are no longer directing aircraft to Frankfurt (FRA), and all aircraft are being diverted to alternative airports, such as Dusseldorf (DUS) or Cologne (CGN), preventing FRA from becoming congested. At 11.40am local time, Lufthansa clarified that the outage was due to “construction work” in the Frankfurt area. Another statement by the German airline provided further details about the cause of the outage, explaining that construction work damaged fiber optic cables belonging to a telecom operator. The statement added that the situation was expected to stabilize towards the evening. This point was confirmed later on by telecoms operator Deutsche Telekom AG, which shared some pictures of the damaged cables. https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/all-lufthansa-flights-grounded-due-to-major-it-outage NTSB investigating runway incursion by United 777 in Honolulu The National Transportation Safety Board is investigating a runway incursion by a United Airlines 777 in Honolulu that occurred on 23 January 2023. The United flight crossed runway 4L in front of a landing Kamaka Air Cessna 208B Super Cargomaster. United Airlines flight 348 crossing Runway 4L as Kamaka Air flight 145 lands on Runway 4L Arriving Runway 4L and 4R United Airlines flight UA348 from Denver touched down in Honolulu on Runway 4R and exited the runway at 02:09:46Z.661 UTC 24 January (16:09 local time 23 Jan) at a speed of 27 knots onto Taxiway K. It crossed the hold short markers for RWY 8L-26R and 4L-22R on Taxiway K at 02:09:53Z.242 traveling 19 knots. 8 seconds prior, Kamaka Air flight 145 had touched down on the parallel Runway 4L and was completing its roll out. At 02:10:00Z.686 United 348 entered the runway area where 8L-26R and 4L-22R intersect Taxiway K at speed of 14 knots, exiting the runway area by 02:10:14Z.708. Note that the physical aircraft size is not represented by the ADS-B data point and coordinates are taken from only a single point on the airframe, so some parts of the aircraft may have been on the runway longer. At 02:10:08Z.027, when UA348 was in the middle of crossing Runway 4L, KMK145 was decelerating through 44 knots approximately 1/4 of a mile away. The Cessna 208 took an 2 additional seconds to decelerate to 1 knot before turning left onto Taxiway E, then onto Taxiway B. The aircraft did not come into contact and the NTSB reports no injuries as well. Download Flightradar24 data Five separate files are available for download below. For each aircraft, we have included the standard frequency CSV and KML files. Also available is a high frequency CSV file containing positions for both aircraft received by a single receiver at the Honolulu airport. This allows for precise timing comparisons. UA384 Standard CSV KMK145 Standard CSV UA384 Standard KML KMK145 Standard KML Granular single receiver data Aircraft information The United Airlines flight was operated by 777-222 registered N774UA, the second ever Boeing 777 produced and used by Boeing as a test aircraft before being delivered to United in March 1996. The Kamaka Air flight was operated by A Cessna 208B Super Cargomaster registered N145KA. It is used by the airline to carry to cargo within the islands of Hawaii. https://www.flightradar24.com/blog/ntsb-investigating-runway-incursion-by-united-777-in-honolulu/ NTSB targets flap retraction, crew action on United altitude loss in Hawaii NTSB will investigate the flaps position and crew action in its inquiry into the United Airlines sudden loss of altitude incident in Hawaii The National Safety Transportation Board (NTSB), which began its inquiry into the sudden loss of altitude on a United Airlines flight following take-off on February 14, 2023, will look into the position of the aircraft’s flaps during the initial phase of the flight, as well as the actions of the crew. The NTSB indicated that it would produce a preliminary report in the next two to three weeks. According to a report by The Air Current, citing sources familiar with the matter, the NTSB will focus on how and when the United Airlines Boeing 777-200’s flaps were retracted and the actions of the two pilots during departure from Kahului Airport (OGG), Kahului, Hawaii, the United States (US). On December 18, 2022, the United Airlines Boeing 777-200, registered N212UA, departed OGG towards its scheduled destination at San Francisco International Airport (SFO). Seconds after take-off from the Hawaiian island, the wide-body jet descended steeply, moving from 2,200 feet (670.5 meters) of altitude to 775 ft (236.2 m). The aircraft did not squawk 7770, a radio code used to alert Air Traffic Control (ATC) of an in-flight emergency, and proceeded to land at SFO several hours later. No injuries were reported on the flight. However, a Hawaiian Airlines Airbus A330 experienced severe turbulence on its way to Honolulu’s Inouye International Airport (HNL), located 87 nautical miles (100 miles, 161 kilometers) north of OGG, on the same day. 36 people were hurt, including 11 who were seriously injured. https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/ntsb-targets-flap-retraction-crew-action-on-united-altitude-loss-in-hawaii AI Has Successfully Piloted a U.S. F-16 Fighter Jet, DARPA Says The fighter aircraft that was first introduced in 1978 has now seemingly evolved into an autonomous plane. On Monday, the US Department of Defense’s research agency, DARPA, announced that its AI algorithms can now control an actual F-16 in flight. The fighter aircraft that was first introduced in 1978 has now seemingly evolved into an autonomous plane. “In early December 2022, ACE algorithm developers uploaded their AI software into a specially modified F-16 test aircraft known as the X-62A or VISTA (Variable In-flight Simulator Test Aircraft), at the Air Force Test Pilot School (TPS) at Edwards Air Force Base, California, and flew multiple flights over several days,” a press release by DARPA said. “The flights demonstrated that AI agents can control a full-scale fighter jet and provided invaluable live-flight data.” DARPA’s Air Combat Evolution (ACE) program began in 2019 when the agency began to work on human-machine collaboration in dogfighting. It began testing out AI-powered flights in 2020 when the organization had what was called the AlphaDogfight Trials, a competition between different companies to see who could create the most advanced algorithm for an AI-powered aircraft. ACE is one of more than six hundred Department of Defense projects that are incorporating artificial intelligence into the nation’s defense programs. In 2018, the government committed to spending up to $2 billion on AI investments in the next five years, and spent $2.58 billion on AI research and development in 2022 alone. Other AI defense projects include making robots and wearable technology, and intelligence gathering. Autonomous airplanes are not unheard of—the earliest successful instance of an autopilot plane was in 1914, when a man named Lawrence Sperry attached a gyroscope, or a rapidly spinning wheel, to the tail and wings of a plane. However, the AI systems powering fighter planes require a greater degree of accuracy and agility than a passenger plane, for example, as it is programmed to undergo a variety of warlike conditions. DARPA said that it doesn’t expect the plane to fly without a pilot. It hopes to incorporate AI in order to have “human pilot focuses on larger battle management tasks in the cockpit” and have the AI control the jet and provide live-flight data. Stacie Pettyjohn, the director of the Defense Program at the Center for a New American Security, told The New Yorker that the ACE program will allow American defense to become “much smaller autonomous aircraft” and “if any one of them gets shot down, it’s not as big of a deal.” According to the same article, four AI-powered L-39s will participate in a live dogfight in the skies above Lake Ontario in 2024. Meanwhile, the Air Force Test Pilot School is working on measuring how well pilots trust the AI agent and calibrating trust between humans and the AI. https://www.vice.com/en/article/n7zakb/ai-has-successfully-piloted-a-us-f-16-fighter-jet-darpa-says Air India Has Option To Buy 370 More Aircraft After Giant Order: Official New Delhi: Tata Group-owned Air India has placed an order for 840 planes with Airbus and Boeing, including the option to acquire 370 aircraft, with a senior airline official on Thursday saying the order is a "landmark moment" in the Indian aviation history. The announcement by Air India's Chief Commercial and Transformation Officer Nipun Aggarwal comes a day after the airline said it has placed a firm order for 470 aircraft -- 250 from Airbus and 220 from Boeing. In a LinkedIn post, Mr Aggarwal said the airline is humbled by the excitement generated across the world by the airline's aircraft order. "The order comprises 470 firm aircraft, 370 options and purchase rights to be procured from Airbus and Boeing over the next decade," he said. This will be one of the largest aircraft orders by an airline in the modern aviation history. According to him, this order of 840 aircraft has been a culmination of a fascinating journey that began almost two years ago with the Air India privatisation process. The Airbus firm order comprises 210 A320/321 Neo/XLR and 40 A350-900/1000. The Boeing firm order comprises 190 737-Max, 20 787s and 10 777s. "We have also signed up for long-term maintenance of the engines with CFM International (CFM), Rolls-Royce and GE Aerospace," he said. This was also the first time in more than 17 years that Air India, which was acquired from the government by Tata Group in January 2022, has ordered planes. The first A350 plane will be delivered to the airline by the end of this year. Aggarwal on Thursday said the order demonstrates the vision and aspiration of Tata Group to transform Air India into a world-class airline and connect India "non-stop" to every major city in the world. "This order is also a testament to the tremendous economic potential unleashed by the Air India privatisation," he said, adding that it is indeed a landmark moment in the history of Air India and Indian aviation. On Tuesday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi described Air India-Airbus transaction as a "landmark deal" that also reflects the deepening ties between India and France. The prime minister along with US President Joe Biden also welcomed the landmark agreement between Air India and Boeing as a shining example of mutually beneficial cooperation. Air India, earlier under the ownership of the government, had acquired new aircraft more than 17 years ago. The airline's last order was for 111 planes -- 68 from Boeing and 43 from Airbus -- and that deal was worth USD 10.8 billion. The order was placed in 2005. Currently, in India, around 470 commercial aircraft of Airbus are in service and the European major's order book for Indian airlines is around 850 planes. Indian carriers operate around 159 Boeing planes. The country's airline industry is poised for expansion with more than 1,100 planes on order by various domestic carriers. https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/air-india-orders-840-aircraft-includes-option-to-buy-370-planes-official-3787634 How the superfast flight of astronauts and fighter pilots changes their brains Unlike 'Top Gun', real-life fighter pilots are careful thinkers in the air. Learning how their brains change could assist astronauts with critical mission decisions, a new study says. Will you be my wing pilot in space? Brain scans of a few F-16 pilots with the Belgian Air Force suggest their cerebral connections change in ways that could predict how astronauts think in space. The key alteration is in neural plasticity: The brain adapts for a dangerous environment to let pilots — and likely also astronauts — make critical mission decisions on the fly, a new study argues. Franchises like "Top Gun" (which featured F-14 Tomcats, not F-16s in the original 1986 film) are popular for military recruitment. That said, "Top Gun" and its 2022 "Maverick" sequel also attach false reputations to the fighter jet community, namely that pilots are brash, do not follow rules and spend little time studying their assignments. The F-16, also called the Fighting Falcon in the U.S., is a single-engine jet fighter now built by Lockheed Martin Corp. The F-16A single-seater first flew in December 1976 and the first operational version of that jet was delivered in January 1979, according to U.S. Air Force materials(opens in new tab). A two-seat trainer model, called the F-16B, is also available. The aircraft is known for having a deeper seat angle than other jets so that the pilots may withstand up to nine times the force of gravity (nine Gs), the USAF says, "which exceeds the capability of other current fighter aircraft." F-16s also have high maneuverability and a long range, which is why they are popular among North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) signatories. That's also why Belgium, a treaty member, has some F-16s of its own. The study, which examined 10 Belgian pilots who have flown F-16s, suggested brain connectivity changes as pilots accrue flight hours. An example is sensorimotor information, or how the body makes sense of the environment through the senses, inner ear and limb position. Extreme conditions in military flight, meaning G-loads and maneuvers, likely account for these changes. Experienced pilots, the study authors said, show more connectivity in the frontal lobe of the brain; that refers to a cerebral zone associated with behavior and voluntary movement. Pilots also process vestibular and visual information more quickly, with experience. This brain alteration may be due to forced prioritization in the air to focus on what is required in combat or high-speed conditions, such as reading cockpit instruments. Related: What it's like to become a NASA astronaut: 10 surprising facts air force personnel in a cockpit looking over his shoulder to see three fighter jets flying in formation above the clouds An Air Force personnel surveys a formation of F-16 Fighting Falcons over Eglin Air Force Base in Florida. (Image credit: U.S. Air Force photo by Jack Harman) To be sure, these military members are separate from the astronaut corps, so it is hard to draw direct associations from the study. Given the small sample size of the study, it's also hard to say how representative their brains would be of real-life military astronauts. But the study authors do point to potential avenues of follow-up research, given that past studies concerning spaceflight and astronaut training suggest the brain may change in structure and function to adapt to off-Earth demands. "Understanding these changes could help us to better prepare astronauts for long journeys, which is crucial if we are ever to reach other planets," the press release stated. illustration of two astronauts holding rocks on the moon Effective training will be a requirement to help astronauts work on the moon or other planets. A new study suggests understanding brain changes may be helpful in preparing astronauts to live off-world. (Image credit: NASA) Military acumen has always been part of NASA recruitment, starting with the 1959 Mercury astronaut group. (The process was criticized at the time for preferring white male pilots, who still make up the majority of the military and as such, most military astronaut selectees at NASA. That said, NASA and the military are both taking strides for inclusivity in recent years.) The military remains prevalent in NASA's astronaut corps: NASA said(opens in new tab) nearly 60 percent of astronauts it selected through 2017 were from one of the branches of the U.S. armed services, representing 216 individuals out of 375 selectees. International agencies and commercial spaceflyers also have a fair share of military members due to their operational combat experience in extreme environments; that said, many scientific personnel and doctors have also flown in space to have different skillsets available in orbit. The new study was published Wednesday (Feb. 15) in Frontiers in Physiology(opens in new tab). It was led by Wilhelmina Radstake, who did a masters thesis on this topic while working as a masters student at the University of Antwerp. Radstake conducted research in a laboratory led by tenured professor Floris Wuyts, whose research focuses on equilibrium investigations and aerospace; Wuyts is a long-time astronaut investigator with space research experience at entities like NASA and the European Space Agency. https://www.space.com/astronaut-fighter-pilot-brain-changes-space Tenure-Track Faculty Position with a focus on Unmanned Systems in the School of Graduate Studies, College of Aviation, Daytona Beach The School of Graduate Studies in the College of Aviation at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU) invites applications for a nine-month tenure-track, open rank position, with strong preference in background and expertise in Unmanned Systems and related areas. The department offers a primarily online Ph.D. in Aviation with specializations in Aviation Safety, Aviation Human Factors, Aviation Operations, and Interdisciplinary. It also offers an MS in Aviation, MS in Occupational Safety Management, and MS in Unmanned Systems in a traditional on-campus format. The candidate will be expected to teach courses in the Ph.D. and/or master’s degree programs and act as the chair and/or member of Ph.D. dissertation or thesis committees. Typical teaching load is 3 courses per semester. In addition to teaching responsibilities, the candidate is required to meet continuing scholarly growth requirements that include publishing scholarly work, actively pursuing and obtaining externally funded research, and presenting work at professional conferences. The candidate will be expected to fulfill service responsibilities to the university and the profession. Faculty for this position will be located on the Daytona Beach campus. The candidate is required to provide instruction through traditional classroom format. Required Qualifications The position requires a doctorate with relevant experience in aviation, safety, operations, or unmanned systems. Those candidates currently pursuing a doctorate may be considered. Preferred Qualifications Preferred qualifications include a Ph.D. in a closely related field, FAA Part 107 certificate, FAA pilot certificates, FAA flight instructor certificates, industry safety experience, and/or industry unmanned systems experience. Candidate materials should be submitted online by applying at https://embryriddle.wd1.myworkdayjobs.com/External/job/Daytona-Beach- FL/Tenure-Track-Faculty-Position-with-a-focus-on-Unmanned-Systems-in-the-School-ofGraduate-Studies--College-of-Aviation--Daytona-Beach_R305179. Candidates must submit the following for consideration: • Current CV • A letter of application, with emphasis on ability to teach courses on unmanned systems • Copy of Ph.D. transcript • Teaching philosophy (one page) • Research plan (one page), including research interests, strategies, and research plan Consideration of applications will begin on February 1, 2023, and will continue until the position is filled. ARGUS International, Inc. is Growing Audit Production Manager Position Available ARGUS PROS, A division of ARGUS International, is your one-stop source for creating a superior operation within your air transportation business. We are an experienced quality and safety assurance provider and are accredited by IATA as an IOSA Audit and Training Organization. Ours is a flexible organization, committed to true team auditing for multiple standards at the domestic, regional, and international levels, as well as tailoring all the other resources and services we offer to your specific needs. ARGUS PROS is currently seeking an Audit Production Manager to join our team. ARGUS is an established company with an unparalleled client list and reputation. The perfect candidate will have the proven ability to work with the listed technologies in a team setting. Position Summary: The Audit Production Manager – Air Carrier will manage the audit production processes for the IOSA Program working directly with the Vice President – Air Carrier and Director, Audit Programs – Air Carrier. They will participate in the processing of audit reports, audit quality control, audit tracking and development/modifications of internal forms/manuals. Responsibilities for the position will include, but not be limited to, the following: · Provide Quality Control to audit reports from Air Carrier (AC) audit programs · Work with Auditors to resolve discrepancies/errors within audit reports · Work with Operators and Auditors on the resolution of Corrective Actions · Track audit production status for Air Carrier (AC) audit programs · Assist in the development/revision to processes/procedures/forms/documentation · Assist in the planning and execution of training courses for both internal and external customers · Manage and maintain currency of company manuals · Manage and track the completion of internal and external audits/assessments Corrective Actions · Assist in the development of Corrective Action Plans and resolution of Corrective Actions of internal and external audits/assessments · Other duties as assigned Minimum requirements: · 4-year college degree, or equivalent work experience · IATA Operational Safety Audit “IOSA” experience preferred · Aviation experience required · Experience in auditing and/or evaluation and assessment of aviation operations, and/or maintenance preferred · Foreign language skills preferred · Good working knowledge of all Microsoft Office programs, including Excel, Word, PowerPoint, Publisher and Adobe Acrobat · Good working knowledge of internet and email usage · Excellent communication and organizational skills PROS is an equal opportunity employer. Please register to submit your cover letter and resume through the SGS Portal: https://jobs.smartrecruiters.com/SGS/743999885517109-audit-production-manager-air-carrier Border Patrol to hire 200 surveillance pilots amid shortage MCALLEN, TX – FEBRUARY 21: Agents from U.S. Air and Marine Operations (AMO), fly an A-Star helicopter near the U.S.-Mexico border on February 21, 2018 near McAllen, Texas. The federal air interdiction agents were searching for undocumented immigrants who had just crossed the Rio Grande from Mexico into Texas. (Photo by John Moore/Getty Images) (NewsNation) — U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is looking to hire 200 pilots to conduct surveillance and security missions along the U.S. border, the agency announced last week. The question is whether the federal government will be able to meet its goal while competing for talent with an airline industry that’s currently facing a pilot shortage. Air Interdiction Agents (AIAs) — who work as part of CBP’s Air and Marine Operations division — fly planes, helicopters and drones to investigate criminal networks and intercept those who are attempting to enter the country illegally, according to the CBP website. Behind the scenes with Border Patrol in the Florida Keys The position is open to pilots with a minimum of 1,500 flight hours, but 500 of those can be waived. Aviation experts say that flexibility could make the position appealing to someone who is looking to obtain flight time before moving on to a major airline carrier in the future. “Somebody could go work for the government to build that experience and get what we call turbine time,” said Richard Levy, a retired commercial airline captain. “Turbine time” is different than total flight hours and refers specifically to the time spent flying turbine-powered aircraft. Those planes tend to be larger and more complex than ones with piston engines, which tend to be smaller and more commonly used for training purposes. All major commercial airlines have minimum turbine time requirements that a candidate must meet in order to be considered. But those prerequisites have become more flexible recently as some airlines have struggled to staff flights following a surge of COVID-related early retirements and a post-pandemic travel boom. Earlier this month, Southwest Airlines announced it would cut the minimum requirement for prospective pilots in half from 1,000 turbine time hours to 500. While the total hours requirement may be attractive to a pilot with less experience, there’s a noticeable gap in compensation between CBP and major airlines, Levy pointed out. An AIA can make between $100,000 to $120,000 in their first year depending on where they’re located. By comparison, the median annual wage for airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers recently topped $200,000, according to the Labor Department. Border Patrol offering $20K signing bonus to attract recruits Location is another hiring challenge for the government. New CBP pilots are likely to end up in a region along the southern border. A recent AIA job posting listed Tucson and Yuma, Arizona, as well as El Paso, Laredo and McAllen, Texas, among the places new hires could be assigned. Commercial airlines, whose hubs are located in major American cities, are able to draw from a larger pool of candidates. If CBP is able to hit its 200 pilot hiring target it would mark a significant staffing boost. Border patrol currently has 541 Air Interdiction Agents, according to a spokesperson for the Department of Homeland Security. In a news release, CBP says it will use direct-hire authority, which expedites the hiring process when there’s a critical need. “This hiring authority will enable CBP to offer on-the-spot tentative job offers and compete at job fairs with the airline industry,” Andrea Bright, CBP’s Assistant Commissioner of Human Resources, said in a press release. The agency is also developing additional incentive packages to “mitigate attrition” of experienced pilots, a DHS spokesperson told NewsNation. In November, CBP announced a hiring bonus up to $20,000 to attract new agents to address the surge of migrants at the southern border. Nationally, the pilot shortage is unlikely to go away any time soon. A recent analysis by Oliver Wyman, a management consulting firm, puts the current pilot shortfall around 17,000 in North America. The shortage is expected to grow to 30,000 by 2032, although the outlook has slightly improved from previous estimates thanks to rising salaries, faster career paths and greater awareness of the need, the analysis concluded. APPLY HERE https://www.newsnationnow.com/us-news/immigration/border-patrol-surveillance-pilots-shortage/ Graduate Research Survey Greetings, Aviation Professionals! If you are seeing this message, you are being asked to participate in an anonymous questionnaire about safety culture. This is for my Master’s thesis, and your participation would be greatly appreciated. Participation is voluntary, and you can opt out at any time. It should take less than 15 minutes of your time. Please complete the survey in one sitting, as there is a limited period to have your responses recorded. Click the link https://fit.co1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_eEU2rcyJN3MzxH0 ,which will take you to an online survey platform. Please share this announcement with other aviation professionals you know; every response helps! Sincerely, Brandon Judy Master’s Student College of Aeronautics Florida Institute of Technology RESEARCH SURVEY Greetings, My name is Nurettin Dinler, Research Scholar and PhD student at Department of Aviation Science, Saint Louis University working with Nithil Bollock Kumar, PhD Candidate, Gajapriya Tamilselvan, PhD, and Stephen Belt, PhD. We are working on a research project titled “Low-Cost Airline Pilots on Exercising Fuel-Loading Policies during Flight: A Phenomenological Exploration Study.” I am writing this e-mail to invite you to participate in a research study that we are conducting at Saint Louis University. Your participation in this study will involve taking a semi-structured interview that lasts for about 30 minutes. During the interview, you will be questioned about your experiences with Low-Cost Airlines’ fuel-loading policies developed to minimize pilot discretionary (extra) fuel. There is no compensation provided for your participation in the study. However, your participation will be a valuable addition to our research and your findings could lead to greater understanding of risk management for pilots and the sources of stressors in commercial aviation. Participation is completely voluntary, and your participation will remain confidential throughout the process of research. If you are interested in participating in this research, please take a moment to complete the survey at the following link: https://slu.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_0l9Awl5UkXDiKRo If you have any questions, please contact me at 321-245-8628 or nurettin.dinler@slu.edu Thank you for your time and consideration. Regards, Nurettin Dinler, M.S. Research Scholar Oliver L. Parks Department of Aviation Science School of Science and Engineering McDonnell Douglas Hall, Lab 1046 3450 Lindell Blvd., St Louis, MO 63103 nurettin.dinler@slu.edu (321) 245-8628 Curt Lewis