Flight Safety Information - March 14, 2023 No. 050 In This Issue : Incident: American A319 at Phoenix on Mar 12th 2023, engine shut down in flight : Incident: Envoy E175 at Houston on Mar 5th 2023, commenced takeoff without clearance : Incident: United B38M near Houston on Mar 11th 2023, captain incapacitated : Dayton man jailed, accused of pointing laser at airplane : US Air Force pursues major aircraft retirements in 2024 : Airline Exec Offers Embry-Riddle Students 10 ‘Golden Rules’ to Thrive in Aviation : United Airlines unexpectedly forecasts quarterly loss on lower demand, pilot pay : FAA approves restarting Boeing 787 Dreamliner deliveries next week : Boeing expected to sell nearly 80 787 planes to Saudi airlines -source Incident: American A319 at Phoenix on Mar 12th 2023, engine shut down in flight An American Airlines Airbus A319-100, registration N756US performing flight AA-2562 from Phoenix,AZ to Albuquerque,NM (USA) with 128 people on board, was climbing out of Phoenix's runway 25R when the crew declared PAN PAN reporting they had a low oil quantity in one of their engines (CFM56) and needed to return to Phoenix. The crew stopped the climb at 10,000 feet, subsequently shut the left hand engine down and returned to Phoenix for a safe landing on runway 26 about 16 minutes after departure. https://avherald.com/h?article=50665526&opt=0 Incident: Envoy E175 at Houston on Mar 5th 2023, commenced takeoff without clearance An Envoy Embraer ERJ-175 on behalf of American Airlines, registration N258NN performing flight MQ-3338/AA-3338 from Houston Hobby,TX to Dallas Ft. Worth,TX (USA), was cleared to line up runway 13R and wait, however, commenced their takeoff roll. At that time a Southwest Airlines Boeing 737-8 MAX, registration N8725L performing flight WN-2683 from Austin,TX to Houston Hobby,TX (USA), was on short final to Houston's runway 04, which intersects with runway 13R, at about 20:17L (02:17Z Mar 6th). Tower instructed the Embraer to stop and the Boeing to go around resolving the conflict as the Boeing went around from very low height (below 100 feet AGL) and the Embraer slowed. The Embraer was subsequently instructed to vacate runway 13R to their left onto taxiway H about 220 meters/720 feet short of the intersection with runway 04 and was provided with a phone number to call. The Boeing positioned for another approach and landed safely on runway 04 about 9 minutes after the go around. The FAA reported on Mar 13th 2023: "The crew of Envoy Air Flight 3338 began their takeoff roll without clearance on March 5 at William P. Hobby Airport in Houston as Southwest Airlines Flight 2863 was cleared to land on an intersecting runway. At the direction of an air traffic controller, Envoy stopped short of the intersecting runway and Southwest discontinued its landing. The closest proximity of the two aircraft was approximately 4,100 feet." https://avherald.com/h?article=506650c9&opt=0 Incident: United B38M near Houston on Mar 11th 2023, captain incapacitated A United Boeing 737-8 MAX, registration N27258 performing flight UA-2007 from Guatemala City (Guatemala) to Chicago O'Hare,IL (USA), was enroute at FL320 about 120nm southeast of Houston,TX (USA) when the first officer declared emergency reporting the captain had become incapacitated and was complaining about chest pain. ATC advised emergency services would be on stand by at the runway in case of nose gear steering issues, paramedics were waiting for the aircraft at the gate, emergency services would follow the aircraft to the gate. The aircraft diverted to Houston Intercontinental for a safe landing on runway 27 about 23 minutes later and taxied to the apron. The airline reported the aircraft diverted to Houston after an unexpected crew related matter. The aircraft remained on the ground in Houston for about 3 hours, then continued the flight and reached Chicago with a delay of 3:45 hours. https://avherald.com/h?article=50661e58&opt=0 Dayton man jailed, accused of pointing laser at airplane A Centerville man was struck and killed late Thursday night, the second pedestrian death in the township in a week. A Dayton man arrested late Saturday night is accused of pointing a laser at an airplane. The 37-year-old man was arrested shortly before 10 p.m. in the 200 block of Parker Avenue in Dayton and booked into the Montgomery County Jail on suspicion of endangering aircraft/airport operations and possession criminal tools, both felony charges. Formal charges have not been filed against him. “He pointed a laser at a fixed wing airplane and they were able to pinpoint his location and identify him,” Dayton Police Department spokesman James Rider said. https://www.daytondailynews.com/crime/dayton-man-jailed-accused-of-pointing-laser-at-airplane/KBG3VM3LB5GETLL52XQ6SO6FJM/ US Air Force pursues major aircraft retirements in 2024 WASHINGTON — The Air Force wants to retire 310 aircraft, including 42 A-10 Warthogs, as part of its fiscal 2024 budget to free up money for its modernization programs. The proposed FY24 budget calls for buying 72 fighters — 48 Lockheed Martin-made F-35As and 24 Boeing F-15EX Eagle IIs — and spending more on the Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider stealth bomber, the Boeing E-7A battle management and command-and-control aircraft, the Northrop Grumman-made next-generation nuclear missile known as the Sentinel, and the network of drone wingmen the Air Force calls collaborative combat aircraft, meant to eventually fly alongside crewed fighters. The Department of the Air Force is requesting $215.1 billion in 2024, $9.3 billion, or 4.5%, over the amount enacted for fiscal 2023. That includes a proposed budget of $185.1 billion for the Air Force itself, up $5.4 billion from 2023, and $30 billion for the Space Force, up $3.9 billion increase from 2023. Nearly $5 billion of that total budget growth would go to research, development test and evaluation spending, bringing that section’s funding up to $55.4 billion in 2024. Massive retirement wave The Air Force’s plan to retire 310 aircraft in 2024 would be far greater than the 150 retirements it recommended in the 2023 budget, though Congress ultimately approved just 115 of those. If lawmakers approve all, or even most, of these retirements, it would represent a significant step forward in the service’s effort to weed out older, outdated airframes from its fleet. If approved, the proposed retirement of 42 A-10s in 2024 would follow this year’s retirement of 21 Warthogs, and would leave the service with 218 of the attack aircraft. The Air Force has tried for years to retire the Warthog, arguing it would be too vulnerable against an enemy with advanced air defenses, and instead use the money to pay for newer fighters. Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown told reporters at the Air and Space Forces Association’s symposium in Colorado March 7 the service wants to have all A-10s retired by 2029. Until recently, Congress has blocked the Air Force’s attempts to retire the A-10. The Air Force wants to retire 42 A-10 Warthogs as part of the proposed 2024 budget, which would leave the service with 218 of the attack aircraft. (Air Force) The Air Force also wants to retire 57 F-15 C and D fighters. Some those Eagle jets are around four decades old, and are reaching the end of their lives. The Air Force plans to bring on new F-35s, as well as newly-made F-15EX Eagle II fighters from Boeing, to replace those retiring fighters. And the service is already withdrawing dozens of older F-15s from Kadena Air Base in Japan for retirement, replacing them with rotational fighters such as F-22s. The Air Force is taking another shot at retiring 32 Block 20 F-22A Raptor fighters, which are not combat-capable and are now primarily being used for training purposes. Congress last year blocked the Air Force’s first attempt at retiring 33 of those F-22s. The Air Force also wants to take more steps toward retiring the E-3 Sentry airborne warning and control system, or AWACS, aircraft in 2024. The Air Force suggested retiring 15 of its 31 AWACS in its 2023 budget proposal, but lawmakers granted only 13 of those retirements. And Congress placed conditions on those retirements, requiring the service to produce a report on the E-3 retirement as well as its acquisition strategy for replacing it with the E-7. Maj. Gen. Michael Greiner, the Air Force’s deputy assistant secretary for budget, told reporters in a March 10 briefing at the Pentagon that the Air Force believes it has met the requirements for the 13 AWACS retirements this year, which would bring its total fleet down to 18. And in the 2024 budget proposal, the service said it wants to retire two more E-3s, leaving it with 16. The Air Force has flown AWACS, with the unmistakable massive rotating radome mounted on its fuselage, since the 1970s. But the Air Force says the E-3′s air frame is increasingly difficult to keep flying and its sensor technology is outdated. The Air Force plans to replace the AWACS with a new fleet of 26 E-7s by 2032. The service awarded Boeing a contract Feb. 28 to begin working on the U.S.’s first rapid prototype E-7, which is expected to begin production in fiscal 2025 and be fielded two years later. In the briefing last week, Air Force Secretary Frank Kendall downplayed the likelihood of a capability gap emerging by retiring some AWACS before E-7s arrive to replace them. “The E-3 is essentially not effective in the environments we’re most worried about,” he said. “The sensor is pretty ancient at this point, and the aircraft are very expensive to maintain.” E-3 Sentry airborne early warning and control system aircraft at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska An E-3 Sentry airborne early warning and control system aircraft prepares to participate in Operation Noble Defender at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska, Jan. 26, 2023. The Air Force proposed retiring two more AWACS as part of its fiscal 2024 budget, as it prepares to bring on a fleet of Boeing E-7A aircraft to replace them. (Tech. Sgt. Curt Beach/Air Force) Retiring about half the current E-3 fleet will make available spare parts and other resources the Air Force can use to keep the remaining AWACS fleet in the air, Kendall added, so it can meet critical requirements such as NORAD’s air defense mission. “It’s a question of making the transition as smooth as possible, freeing up the resources, starting to retrain the people, and then move them over [to E-7s] with a minimal operational impact from taking [AWACS] down,” he said. The budget also proposes adding $254 million to continue rapid prototyping work on the Boeing E-7A, set to replace the aging E-3 Sentry airborne warning and control system aircraft, which would bring its FY24 funding to $681 million. Greiner said the increased spending on E-7 would allow the Air Force to procure a second rapid prototype aircraft. The budget calls for retiring the final 24 KC-10 Extender refueling tankers and the remaining 48 Block 1 MQ-9 Reapers. It would also retire the last three E-8 Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System, or JSTARS. The Air Force also wants to retire 37 HH-60G Pave Hawk combat rescue helicopters, which are being replaced by HH-60W Jolly Green II helicopters made by Sikorsky and Lockheed Martin; 52 T-1 Jayhawk twin-engine jet trainers. The Air Force has also decided to retire one B-1B Lancer bomber that suffered an engine fire in April 2022, rather than try to repair it. That would leave the service with 44 B-1s. The force aims to have the entire fleet retired by the early 2030s. R&D bonanza The proposal includes $4.8 billion in budget growth for 20 new or significantly boosted programs to transform the Air Force, including CCAs. Funding for the CCA program would dramatically increase by $470 million to $522 million, to speed up development and testing of the autonomous drones. CCAs would fly as part of the Next Generation Air Dominance family of systems that will make up the Air Force’s sixth-generation fighter, as well as the F-35 and possibly other crewed aircraft. That funding boost would cover the cost of developing the platform itself, developing the autonomous programming that will fly the drones, and standing up an experimental operations unit to plan how the service will use CCAs, Greiner said. Greiner said the budget proposal is where the “acceleration” of work on CCAs can be seen. “We start to work on CONOPS, concept of operations, and how we would actually employ these,” he said. Kendall said at AFA March 7 the service is planning for 1,000 CCAs as it starts to flesh out the basing needs, organizational structures, sustainment, and other requirements for such a fleet. Kendall said in the March 10 briefing the Air Force wants to start production on CCAs by the end of the decade. He also said that, as the Air Force has increasingly discussed its plans to team crewed fighters with autonomous CCAs, the defense industry has ramped up its own research and development on this technology. “I’m encouraged by what industry’s been doing on their own,” Kendall said. “This is a serious program. It’s a multibillion-dollar program.” Even so, Kendall stressed each CCA must cost “a fraction” of an F-35, and said he has seen enough work to indicate that’s a “very reasonable goal.” Kendall in September said the Air Force might hold a competition for CCAs in 2024, but the service has not settled on when that will happen. “We’re going to start with competition and we’ll downselect at some point,” Kendall said. “We haven’t figured out exactly when that will be.” The Air Force also wants to boost the budget for NGAD by $276 million in 2024 for technology maturation and risk reduction. That growth would bring its total research and development funding to more than $1.9 billion. Kristyn Jones, the Air Force’s assistant secretary for financial management and comptroller, who is performing the duties of undersecretary of the Air Force, said the service needs to change to maintain its air dominance, which is being challenged by China. The service needs to look for cost-effective ways to carry out its missions, including teaming crewed fighters with the autonomous drones it refers to as CCAs. “We cannot afford complacency, nor can we afford an Air Force composed largely of fighters that cost as much as our fifth-gen aircraft,” such as the F-35, Jones said. More fighters, tankers and B-21 Raiders The Air Force hopes to buy 48 F-35As in 2024, more than the 43 Congress approved in 2023. The proposed budget would also pay for 24 F-15EX fighters and 15 Boeing KC-46A Pegasus refueling tankers in 2024, which would be the same number of each bought in 2023. The Air Force originally planned to buy 144 F-15EXs, but in documents accompanying last year’s budget request, the service dropped that expected procurement to 80. In the March 10 briefing, Kendall told reporters the Air Force has partially reversed that cut, and now plans to buy 104 F-15EXs, though he did not explain why the Air Force’s stance had changed. The Air Force also wants a $673 million spending boost for the B-21 in 2024, which would bring its procurement funding to more than $2.3 billion to continue low-rate initial production. An Air Force official told reporters the Raider’s procurement funding would buy more than one aircraft, but would not say how many, and also includes money for spares, training and advance procurement for long lead parts for future production lots. The Air Force said it is still anticipating the B-21′s first flight sometime in 2023. Northrop Grumman executives said in a January earnings call the company expected the Air Force to award the first B-21 production contract later this year. In a March 7 roundtable with reporters at the AFA conference, Kendall and Air Force acquisition chief Andrew Hunter declined to say if they were planning on a B-21 contract this year, and said they were focused on the first flight milestone. Kendall told reporters in Colorado he wants the B-21 to avoid the problems associated with concurrency that plagued the F-35 in its development period. Concurrency refers to when an aircraft moves through development and into procurement at the same time. “The excessive concurrency [of] the F-35 program, I was famous at one time for calling that acquisition malpractice,” Kendall said March 7. “We’re not going to do acquisition malpractice [with the B-21]. We want to have some confidence.” The Air Force also plans to buy seven MH-139 Grey Wolf helicopters, two more than in 2023, and one E-11 aircraft that can carry out the Battlefield Airborne Communications Node, or BACN, mission. It also bought one E-11 in 2023. The proposed budget includes about $8 million for the Air Force’s Next Generation Air Refueling System, or NGAS, so the service can finish its analysis of alternatives research. The Air Force announced at AFA it is revamping its plans for future aerial refueling tankers and will cut in half the number of tankers it planned to buy as an interim step. The budget also would for the first time add procurement money for the LGM-35A Sentinel program, meant to succeed the Cold War-era Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile later this decade. Greiner said the proposed $539 million would pay for long lead item parts to help prepare for the first lot of the Sentinel, expected in fiscal 2026. https://www.defensenews.com/air/2023/03/13/us-air-force-pursues-major-aircraft-retirements-in-2024/ Airline Exec Offers Embry-Riddle Students 10 ‘Golden Rules’ to Thrive in Aviation Gianfranco “Panda” Beting, who co-founded both Azul Airlines and Breeze Airways, outlined the secret ingredients for a disruptive aviation company at a recent Presidential Speaker Series event held on Embry-Riddle’s Daytona Beach Campus. ( Gianfranco “Panda” Beting knows how to survive in the airline business. After 40 years of experience in various roles, such as leading aviation marketing efforts, cofounding two companies — Azul Airlines and Breeze Airways — consulting, writing 18 books on aircraft and serving as publisher of Flap International magazine, Beting still gets excited when talking about airplanes and the industry built around them. His enthusiasm is as strong as ever, he explained, because of one basic tenet by which he lives. “Get out of the mediocrity,” he told a crowd gathered recently on Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University’s Daytona Beach Campus. “That is the rule of thumb.” Pushing himself into new challenges has kept him engaged. Beting’s success, however, has more to do with originality. “Recipe for disaster: Enter any market and try to offer what established competitions already offers,” he said. “If you do that, 100% guarantee, you’re going to fail miserably. … You have to do something absolutely different.” The latest featured guest of the university’s Presidential Speaker Series, Beting offered advice to aspiring aviation professionals during a conversation moderated by Alexandre Prado, an Aerospace and Occupational Safety senior who also holds a private pilot license and is president of the local International Society of Air Safety Investigators chapter. There are 10 “golden rules” that must be followed, Beting said, in order to survive in the airline business. Safety First. “That is sacred,” he said. “There’s no business without safety. There’s absolutely no way you can compromise there.” Airlines are a service industry. “When we understand that we’re all servants, everything starts to make sense,” he said. “What really makes a difference between flying Airline A versus Airline B is the men and women [interfacing with the customers].” Put people first. “Learn to be a servant leader,” he advised, stressing the important of learning from one’s teammates. “Open your ears. Be humble. … If you treat your people right … you make them proud to wear your uniform.” Create a sexy brand. “Caring for a brand is like caring for a newborn … it’s 24/7,” he said. “Every flight is a chance either to ruin it or to build a stronger brand. No small detail can be overlooked.” Communication is key. Make your company’s communication elite by combining “credibility, visibility and relevancy.” Bless the competition. “Good competition makes you stronger, makes you sharper, makes you wake up earlier in the morning,” he said. “So bless the competition — then work to kill it.” Cut costs at all costs. “Costs are like grass — you’ve got to cut them as they grow,” he said. The only constant is change. “You’ve got to adapt yourself to an ever-changing environment,” he said. “What you learned yesterday doesn’t apply today.” Aim high. “Excellence is not a destination, it’s a state of mind,” he said, noting that one should pursue excellence in everything from their work to frying their eggs in the morning. How you do one thing is how you do everything. Never stop flying — or learning. “Knowledge is like bricks: If you really want to build a fortress, you need a lot of bricks,” Beting said, noting the importance of reading, traveling, expanding one’s horizons. Then he showed a photo from one of the most memorable trips of his life — to North Korea. “Never stop investigating. Never stop going places.” To close, Prado asked, “What is aviation for you?” And Beting didn’t hesitate. “My life,” he said. “Everything. Everything.” At 9 years old, Beting started what he didn’t realize at the time was the beginnings of a mentorship with an airline founder who became a father figure. He got married in an airport. He draws and paints and photographs aircraft any chance he gets. “We are birds of a feather,” he told the crowd. “We love this business so much. Everything that we invest in aviation … will come double, triple, four times — because this is one magic industry.” https://news.erau.edu/headlines/airline-exec-offers-embry-riddle-students-10-golden-rules-to-thrive-in-aviation United Airlines unexpectedly forecasts quarterly loss on lower demand, pilot pay CHICAGO (Reuters) -United Airlines Holdings Inc on Monday forecast an unexpected loss in the current quarter, citing lower demand as well as higher costs from a potential contract deal with pilots. Company shares fell 7%. Booming travel demand has allowed U.S. carriers including United to offset cost pressures with higher ticket prices. Investors, however, are worried any slip in demand would make it harder to protect profits. United said a combination of lower-demand in January and February and higher capacity has weakened its pricing power. Total revenue per available seat mile, a proxy for pricing power, is estimated to be up 22% to 23% in the first quarter from a year ago, slower than the 25% growth expected earlier. The Chicago-based carrier now expects an adjusted loss between 60 cents and $1.00 per share for the quarter through March. In January, the company forecast an adjusted profit between 50 cents and $1.00 per share for the quarter. Sheila Kahyaoglu, an analyst at Jefferies, said United's latest outlook provides "some credence to the bear thesis" that a weakening consumer could put downward pressure on pricing power this year. United, however, said its outlook for the second quarter has improved, with total operating revenue now expected to be up in the "mid-teens" versus last year. It also retained the full-year earnings outlook. U.S. carriers have seen a jump in their labor and fuel bills in the past year. The industry's wage cost pressures are expected to worsen after pilots at rival Delta Air Lines secured a contract deal that includes over $7 billion in cumulative increases in pay and benefits over four years. United and American Airlines are now under pressure not just to conclude their pilot contract negotiations, but also better Delta's deal. United is now accounting for an agreement with its pilots, who have been conducting informational pickets to express frustration over delays in negotiations, in the current quarter instead of the second quarter. As a result, it expects non-fuel operating costs to be flat to up 1% year-over-year. The costs were projected to be down 3%-4% earlier. Analysts at J.P. Morgan called Delta's deal "the catalyst" behind United's move. The company also expects its fuel bill in the quarter to be about 4% to 7% higher than the previous estimate. Worries about demand and costs have led to a more than 20% fall in the NYSE Arca Airline index in the past year even as the industry enjoys the strongest consumer demand since the start of the pandemic. https://www.yahoo.com/finance/news/united-airlines-forecasts-first-quarter-204612923.html FAA approves restarting Boeing 787 Dreamliner deliveries next week (Reuters) -The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on Friday approved Boeing to resume deliveries of its widebody 787 Dreamliner next week after the planemaker addressed recent concerns raised by the agency. The agency halted 787 deliveries on Feb. 23 due to a data analysis error related to the jet’s forward pressure bulkhead, which Boeing Co found after reviewing certification records. The FAA said Boeing had addressed those concerns. "The FAA may resume issuing airworthiness certificates next week," the agency said. Boeing shares, which were down 1.4% before the announcement, closed up 0.91% following news of the resumption, which was first reported by Reuters. Boeing said it had completed the analysis necessary to confirm the aircraft meets requirements and will not require further production or fleet action to meet FAA standards. "The FAA will determine when 787 ticketing and deliveries resume, and we are working with our customers on delivery timing," Boeing said. The latest bump in the Dreamliner’s schedule occurred just months after the FAA had approved Boeing to resume 787 deliveries following a year-long pause due to production quality problems. Deliveries stopped in May 2021 after the FAA discovered gaps around the forward pressure bulkhead, a structure made by Spirit Aerosystems that acts as a barrier between the pressurized interior cabin and the nose of the aircraft. Boeing agreed to replace that component to gain approval to restart deliveries in August 2022. Boeing said the data analysis error found in February was unrelated to the previous quality issues. The company continued production of the Dreamliner while conducting the analysis necessary to correct the discrepancy. Boeing delivered three Dreamliners in January. On Feb. 27, Boeing transferred a 787 – which was ticketed by the FAA for delivery before the pause began – to United Airlines . A United Airlines spokesperson said the company expects to receive another 787 by the end of the month. https://www.yahoo.com/finance/news/faa-approves-restarting-boeing-787-193107582.html Boeing expected to sell nearly 80 787 planes to Saudi airlines -source WASHINGTON (Reuters) -Boeing Co is expected to sell nearly 80 787 Dreamliner airplanes to two Saudi Arabian airlines, a source briefed on the matter said on Monday. An announcement of the plan reported earlier by the Wall Street Journal is expected as soon as Tuesday, and the list prices for 78 planes would total nearly $37 billion. Airlines typically get undisclosed discounts when buying airplanes. State-owned Saudi Arabian Airlines (Saudia) and new national airline Riyadh Air will both be acquiring Boeing 787s, the source said. The airlines are expected to buy a total of 78 787s split between the two buyers and have options to buy another 43, the source said. Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman formally announced on Sunday the creation of Riyadh Air, with industry veteran Tony Douglas as chief executive, as the kingdom moves to compete with regional transport and travel hubs. Riyadh Air will serve more than 100 destinations around the world by 2030, making use of the kingdom's location between Asia, Africa and Europe, state news agency SPA said. The new airline is expected to add $20 billion to Saudi Arabia's non-oil GDP growth and create more than 200,000 jobs both directly and indirectly, it said. Riyadh Air is wholly owned by Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund, the Public Investment Fund, which has more than $600 billion in assets and is spearheading the kingdom's efforts to diversify its economy and wean itself off oil. In October, Saudi Arabia was in advanced negotiations to order almost 40 A350 jets from Airbus, while Boeing was also lobbying for a slice of the kingdom's transportation expansion, industry sources had told Reuters. The Saudi deal comes on the heels of a major December order from United Airlines for 100 787 Dreamliners and 100 737 MAX jets. Earlier this month, Reuters exclusively reported that Indian budget carrier IndiGo is in talks with Boeing and Airbus to purchase more than 500 aircraft, an order that had been expanded to include widebody planes such as the 787 or Airbus A330neo. On Friday, the Federal Aviation Administration announced it would allow Boeing to resume deliveries of the 787 this week that had been temporarily suspended since February. https://www.yahoo.com/finance/news/boeing-expected-sell-nearly-80-194333599.html Curt Lewis