Flight Safety Information - February 27, 2024 No. 042 In This Issue : Incident: Ryanair B738 at Brussels on Feb 24th 2024, nose wheel fractured on landing : Incident: LATAM Chile B789 at Sao Paulo on Feb 22nd 2024, technical problem : Incident: Delta A320 at Austin on Feb 24th 2024, bird strike : Lear jet blows tire during takeoff, lands at PIE : Medical helicopter pilots warn people not to hit their flights with handheld lasers : Laser Lights Obscure IndiGo Pilot’s Vision Moments Before Landing In Kolkata : Aviation safety panel finds Boeing culture included safety ‘gaps,’ fear of retaliation : Boeing Made Safety Confusing, FAA Expert Panel Finds : Rat Grounds SriLankan Airlines Airbus A330 For 3 Days : Airplane tires don't last all that long. Here's why : India’s IndiGo Airlines to lease up to 20 aircraft - report : Cathay Pacific hires 40 cadet pilots from mainland China : CALENDAR OF EVENTS Incident: Ryanair B738 at Brussels on Feb 24th 2024, nose wheel fractured on landing A Ryanair Boeing 737-800, registration EI-DYC performing flight FR-9719 from Rome Ciampino (Italy) to Brussels Charleroi (Belgium), landed on Charleroi's runway 24, when upon nose gear touchdown a lot of noise and severe vibrations occurred until the aircraft came to a stop on the runway. The aircraft was disabled on the runway, the passengers disembarked onto the runway via stairs about three hours after landing. Passengers reported that as soon as the nose gear touched down a lot of noise and severe vibrations occurred that lasted until the aircraft came to a stop. The crew initially suspected they might have blown a tyre. They were kept on board for about three hours until they were able to disembark and were bussed to the terminal. Upon disembarking they could see a nose wheel was fractured. The aircraft could not be towed, and according to what they were told to explain the long wait there weren't enough shuttle busses available at Charleroi to take the passengers to the terminal. The aircraft is still on the ground in Charleroi about 39 hours after landing. According to information The Aviation Herald received a pin and bolt was missing from the torsion link. The bolt and pin was later found on the departure runway in Rome. After lifting the gear off the ground and rotating the axle to a good position the aircraft could subsequently be towed. https://avherald.com/h?article=5156e5d2&opt=0 Incident: LATAM Chile B789 at Sao Paulo on Feb 22nd 2024, technical problem A LATAM Chile Boeing 787-9, registration CC-BGE performing flight LA-8058 from Sao Paulo Guarulhos,SP (Brazil) to Johannesburg (South Africa), was climbing out of Guarulhos' runway 27R when the crew stopped the climb at FL090, declared emergency and decided to return to Guarulhos where the aircraft landed safely on runway 28L about 16 minutes after departure. After landing the crew queries emergency services whether any smoke was visible from the aircraft and taxied to the apron with emergency services in trail. The airline reported the aircraft returned to Guarulhos due to a technical problem. A replacement LATAM Brasil Boeing 787-9 registration PS-LAA reached Johannesburg with a delay of about 5.5 hours. On Feb 26th 2024 Brazil's CENIPA reported the crew received fire indications in the hold and landing gear prompting the crew to return to Sao Paulo. After landing it was determined that the landing gear had overheated. https://avherald.com/h?article=51550be7&opt=0 Incident: Delta A320 at Austin on Feb 24th 2024, bird strike A Delta Airlines Airbus A320-200, registration N320US performing flight DL-2260 from Las Vegas,NV to Austin,TX (USA), was on approach to Austin's runway 18R when a bird impacted the aircraft. The crew continued for a safe landing. The FAA reported: "AIRCRAFT STRUCK BIRDS AND POST FLIGHT INSPECTION REVEALED DENTS TO THE #1 ENGINE, AUSTIN, TX." The aircraft is still on the ground in Austin about 40 hours after landing. https://avherald.com/h?article=51571337&opt=0 Lear jet blows tire during takeoff, lands at PIE CLEARWATER, Fla. — A Lear jet blew a tire during takeoff Monday morning from St. Pete-Clearwater International Airport. It took off from PIE at about 8 a.m. and its front tire shredded on take off. The pilot circled to burn off fuel before landing. The lear jet taxied off runway on its own. An airport spokesman told Spectrum Bay News 9 that four people were on board. https://baynews9.com/fl/tampa/news/2024/02/26/learjet-blows-tire-during-takeoff--will-attempt-to-land-at-pie Medical helicopter pilots warn people not to hit their flights with handheld lasers TRAVERSE CITY, MI – A Northern Michigan medical helicopter pilot is warning people not to shine laser pointers at aircraft. “We continue to experience laser incidents during night flights,” Pat Morell, a pilot and safety chair for North Flight Aero Med, said on Facebook. “It has the potential to incapacitate the pilot and cause eye injuries to flight crew.” There have been no injuries related to lasers among NFAM crewmembers to date, he said. While laser pointers can be a fun toy for pets, they are not harmless when aimed at an aircraft at night, Morell said. “When this beam is pointed at an aircraft, it is a serious threat to the crew,” he said. During 2023, there were 13,304 laser incidents reported by pilots to the Federal Aviation Administration, which was a 40% increase compared to 2022. Shining a laser pointer at an aircraft is a federal crime that could result in fines up to $11,000 and jail time. “Please share with children or anyone you think may not realize what a serious safety hazard it is to aim a laser pointer into the sky at an aircraft,” Morell said. “You may prevent an injury to a flight crew and having a law enforcement officer show up at your door.” Based in Traverse City, NFAM offers medical helicopter services in Northern Michigan. It also operates an airplane that serves the U.S. and Canada. https://www.mlive.com/news/2024/02/medical-helicopter-pilots-warn-people-not-to-hit-their-flights-with-handheld-lasers.html Laser Lights Obscure IndiGo Pilot’s Vision Moments Before Landing In Kolkata SUMMARY • An IndiGo pilot was unnerved recently when he temporarily lost sight of the runway due to strong laser lights while landing in Kolkata. • Thankfully, the plane landed safely without any incident. • Authorities are aware of this problem at the airport, as similar incidents have taken place in the past in Kolkata. Landing is considered one of the trickiest parts of any flight. Pilots are perhaps at their most alert before touchdown to ensure the plane makes safe and proper contact with the runway. But what if a pilot is distracted at this critical moment or his vision is obscured by improper lighting outside? That’s exactly what happened with an IndiGo pilot recently while landing in Kolkata. Momentarily blinded by laser lights In an alarming incident on February 23, the pilot of an IndiGo flight between Bengaluru and Kolkata was blinded momentarily during his landing approach when a powerful laser beam penetrated the cockpit. The incident occurred on IndiGo flight 6E223, which has a scheduled arrival in Kolkata at 19:30, well after sunset. Coincidentally, this happened a week after the Kolkata Airport Environment Management Committee held a meeting on the issue of laser lights around the airport premises, according to The Indian Express. Friday’s flight was carrying 165 passengers and six crew members and took place when the aircraft was very close to the runway. Thankfully, the pilot was able to land the plane safely, and his complaint was later forwarded to the police station in charge of the airport. The problem around Kolkata airport Kolkata’s Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport is a major airport in India, connected by many domestic and international flights. But there are many wedding and party venues around it that often use flashy lights and drones for celebration, even though current rules dictate that laser lights are banned within 18.5 km of the airport area and drones within 12km. The Indian Express quotes a senior airport official as saying, “Each time the Air Traffic Control (ATC) gets an informal complaint from a pilot, we alert the local police station and they visit the place and stop the use of laser lights, which takes time. Hence the Bidhannagar police commissionerate and airport police station have been told that if anyone seeks permission to use laser lights or drones, they should be asked to get the nod from the airport authority.” Not an isolated incident Pilots getting distracted while landing in Kolkata is nothing new. In 2022, the cockpit crew members of a SpiceJet Dash 8-Q400 had some tense moments before landing when a kite struck its windshield. The aircraft was rapidly descending toward the airport when the pilots spotted kites in the air. As the captain alerted the ATC about the situation, a kite struck the windshield, temporarily distracting the pilots at such a crucial moment. In 2021, three pilots complained in October during the popular religious festival of Durga Puja that the laser light from a temporary structure modeled after Dubai’s Burj Khalifa affected their ability to concentrate during the landing. Hopefully, the authorities will take strict action after the latest incident. https://simpleflying.com/laser-lights-obscure-indigo-pilots-vision-before-landing-in-kolkata/ Aviation safety panel finds Boeing culture included safety ‘gaps,’ fear of retaliation The Federal Aviation Administration issued a report Monday sharply critical of the safety culture at Boeing, following two fatal crashes and several years of safety and quality issues at the troubled aircraft maker. Despite Boeing’s repreated claims of its commitment to safety procedures, the report by a panel of industry experts said it did not find “objective evidence of a foundational commitment to safety that matched Boeing’s descriptions of that objective.” Some Boeing employees did not understand their role in safety and feared retaliation for raising safety-related concerns, according to the report by federal safety experts. Boeing was once known for safety and engineering. But critics say an emphasis on profits changed that The panel, created after fatal Boeing 737 Max crashes in 2018 and 2019 but before the recent incident in which a door plug blew out the side of an aircraft, found “gaps in Boeing’s safety journey.” It also identified “hesitation in reporting safety concerns for fear of retaliation” because of management conflicts of interest and said confusion about the safety programs “may discourage employees from submitting safety concerns.” Boeing said in a statement to CNN that it has “taken important steps to foster a safety culture that empowers and encourages all employees to share their voice. But there is more work to do.” “We will carefully review the panel’s assessment and learn from their findings, as we continue our comprehensive efforts to improve our safety and quality programs,” Boeing’s statement said. It also included a quote from CEO Dave Calhoun that urged “all teammates to use their voices to speak up.” But the report documented a “disconnect between Boeing’s senior management and other members of the organization on safety culture.” The panel was made up of Federal Aviation Administration officials and representatives from airlines, labor unions and safety units at other aerospace companies. Its work included conducting more than 250 interviews and reviewing more than 4,000 pages of documents and focused on both safety culture and the FAA program that delegates some aircraft certification work to Boeing employees. The panel was not charged with reporting on any specific incident involving Boeing aircraft. “However on several occasions during the expert panel’s activities, serious quality issues with Boeing products became public. These quality issues amplified the expert panel’s concerns that the safety-related messages or behaviors are not being implemented across the entire Boeing population,” the report said. In particular, it found Boeing repeatedly revised its Safety Management System – or SMS – manual, which is supposed to guide employees on procedures they should follow to insure planes are safe. But the panel said despite a wholesale re-write of the manual in recent years, it found “many Boeing employees did not demonstrate knowledge of Boeing’s SMS efforts, nor its purpose and procedures.” The panel recommended the company re-work safety procedures so that they can be “clearly understood and followed by employees at all levels of Boeing.” Certain Boeing employees are delegated special FAA powers allowing them to make decisions that go against Boeing’s interest. Some of those employees told the panel that Boeing managers treated them differently, sometimes re-assigning them. And while the company has made some changes to deter retaliation, the report said the current structure “still allows opportunities for retaliation to occur,” including decisions regarding salary. That unit – the Organization Designation Authorization team, or ODA – is also losing key experience due to employees leaving or retiring, the report said. https://www.cnn.com/2024/02/26/business/aviation-safety-panel-finds-boeing-culture-included-safety-gaps-fear-of-retaliation/index.html Boeing Made Safety Confusing, FAA Expert Panel Finds The Federal Aviation Administration has published a final report by an Organization Designation Authorization Expert Review Panel tasked to evaluate the effectiveness of Boeing’sBA -0.1% safety management system following recent incidents with the 737 MAX program. The Expert Panel reviewed 4,000 pages of Boeing documents on safety management, conducted seven surveys, interviewed over 250 employees, and met with others at six Boeing locations. It found that Boeing has made its SMS confusing to employees and failed to implement a safety management culture fully to ensure its effectiveness. The panel also found that Boeing sometimes fails to make safety reporting non-punitive and does not appropriately take pilot input on programs. In all, the Expert Panel had 27 findings of concern in Boeing’s safety management practices and made 53 recommendations. While Boeing has implemented SMS procedures on paper, in keeping with the FAA and the International Civil Aviation Organization standards, the Expert Panel found the company failed to ensure all employees understood their role in maintaining safety. “The procedures and training are complex and in a constant state of change, creating employee confusion, especially among different work sites and employee groups,” the panel wrote in its findings. It also found “a lack of awareness of safety-related metrics at all levels of the organization.” Boeing restructured the management of the Organization Designation Authorization unit, which effectively authorized Boeing to inspect itself with employees acting as representatives of the FAA in a way intended to decrease the risk of interference and retaliation against ODA unit members reporting issues. However, Boeing failed to do so effectively. The current system, the Expert Panel wrote, “still allows opportunities for retaliation to occur, particularly with regards to salary and furlough ranking. This influences the ability of UMs to execute their delegated functions effectively.” Other findings include “inadequate human factors consideration commensurate to its importance to aviation safety and lack of pilot input in aircraft design and operation.” Interviewees Went Through Boeing Legal Brief Before Meeting With FAA Panel One of the insights from the report, which reflects a dysfunction in Boeing’s stated safety management and the practical realities, is that some employees interviewed by the FAA’s expert panel did not feel comfortable speaking up as encouraged to do by Boeing’s own Seek, Speak & Listen policy. “Each interview with Boeing employees started with an opening statement that the Expert Panel was ‘…very interested in hearing your perspective on each topic.’ However, it appears to some Expert Panel members that Boeing employees viewed the Expert Panel’s work as an audit; not an opportunity to collaborate. Interviewees asked minimal questions of the experts. Some interviewees mentioned a briefing was provided by Boeing legal prior to the interviews,” the Expert Panel reported. Lost Knowledge In A ‘Dispersed,’ ‘Diminishing’ Engineering Base Boeing’s ODA unit consists of over 1,000 personnel performing FAA-delegated manufacturing and engineering oversight functions. The Expert Panel found that their “ability to ensure adequate experience with aviation safety requirements, processes and procedures is declining.” Also, the panel found that “current experience in the manufacturing and engineering arenas decreased as the more seasoned staff left or took retirement during the pandemic.” Boeing’s “reliance on dispersed engineering experience, expertise and guidance does not appear to be coordinated or consistently monitored for sufficiency in numbers, experience, expertise or communications channels.” The Expert panel found that Boeing engineers outside Washington state felt “isolated in work and decision-making” with less support and knowledge sharing. “With the diminishing senior engineering resources..less time may be available for the mentoring and training of less experienced engineers, which may lead to lower first pass quality on certification plans and reports, test parameters, and other documentation used to support showings of compliance. The ability to comply with the ODA’s approved procedures is present; however, the integration of the SMS processes, procedures and data collection requirements has not been accomplished.” Administrative Decisions Erode Human Factors Integration, Pilot Input Unheard The Expert Panel also found a deterioration in Boeing’s human factors integration to ensure aircraft designs in which crew can perform their functions optimally and safely. “BCA’s human factors in flight deck design and operations were the gold standard with pilots, engineers, product support, and human factors specialists,” the panel wrote. “The role of human factors and its influence eroded due to a series of administrative decisions at Boeing, which includes reorganization, decentralization, downsizing, and relocating the company’s headquarters.” During interviews, Senior Boeing management told the Expert Panel that the company is rebuilding this capability. Additionally, the Expert Panel determined that “pilot inputs within Boeing are neither directly nor consistently delivered to the highest-level decision venues where pilots did not occupy a seat at the table.” Some interviewees expressed concerns that pilots’ likelihood of having their views heard depended “on the individuals occupying executive positions within Boeing.” The panel recommended that the top pilot have sufficient authority to ensure “the pilot’s voice is heard and considered in safety of flight, training and human factors related decisions.” Boeing’s Employees Expressed Concerns Over Safety Management System The Expert Panel reported, “Boeing employees across all disciplines and roles expressed concerns over the lasting power of the SMS program and safety initiatives. This raises concerns about the sustainability of SMS. The lack of feedback and/or delay in providing feedback jeopardizes the longevity of SMS. Sustainability is additionally challenged by Boeing’s strategy to not disrupt legacy safety processes.” Additionally, the Expert Panel cast doubts over the FAA’s ability to oversee expanding SMS regulations effectively at Boeing. “Interviews with FAA employees and managers also conveyed concerns about the sustainability of Boeing SMS,” the panel wrote. Boeing President and CEO Dave Calhoun told employees in a statement accompanying the company’s fourth-quarter results that Boeing has “a commitment to listening to each other and speaking up.” The findings of the Expert Panel suggest Boeing is unsuccessful in delivering on this commitment. Calhoun also said in that statement, “This increased scrutiny – whether from ourselves, from our regulator, or from others – will make us better.” Boeing’s subsequent actions implementing the recommendations from the Expert Panel will determine whether that is the case. The findings of this report will influence the FAA’s decision-making on how much authority for safety oversight it should continue to delegate to Boeing. It will also affect the FAA’s view of Boeing’s readiness to ramp up production on its 737 MAX program. https://www.forbes.com/sites/marisagarcia/2024/02/27/boeing-made-safety-confusing-faa-expert-panel-finds/?sh=7cb3727814bf Rat Grounds SriLankan Airlines Airbus A330 For 3 Days The Airbus A330-300 has remained on the ground since it returned to Sri Lanka on a flight from Pakistan. SUMMARY • A rat onboard a SriLankan Airlines Airbus A330-300 grounded the aircraft for days in Sri Lanka. • The aircraft arrived on a flight from Pakistan. • Sri Lanka plans to privatize the struggling national airline amid criticism and potential bid withdrawals due to reputation damage. A SriLankan Airlines Airbus A330-300 was forced to stay on the ground for several days after a rat was spotted on the aircraft while it was flying between Pakistan and Sri Lanka, resulting in a subsequent search of the aircraft for the stowaway animal. Grounding an A330-300 According to a report by The Standard, an unnamed airline official said that the aircraft was grounded for at least three days at Colombo Bandaranaike International Airport (CMB) after it had arrived from Lahore Allama Iqbal International Airport (LHE) on February 22, 2024. The official added that the aircraft had to be inspected to make sure that the rat did not damage any significant systems, which would have posed a potential flight safety risk for passengers and the airline. The Airbus A330-300, registered as 4R-ALO, has not flown since it landed at CMB on February 22. SriLankan Airlines’ other A330s have all been active in the past few days, with two exceptions: 4R-ALC and 4R-ALH. The two aircraft have not operated a commercial flight since February 17 and February 25, respectively, an analysis of Flightradar24 data showed. When the economy of Sri Lanka collapsed, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) granted the country a $3 billion bailout in March 2023, Ali Sabry, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Sri Lanka, told the BBC that the government would privatize the airline as part of its fund-raising initiative. When the IMF reviewed Sri Lanka’s progress in improving its economy in October 2023, Peter Breuer, the Senior Mission Chief for Sri Lanka of the IMF, and Katsiaryna Svirydzenka, the Deputy Mission Chief of the IMF, said that sustaining the reform was of paramount importance in steering the economy towards a sustained recovery and fostering stable, inclusive economic growth. “Maintaining cost recovery in fuel and electricity pricing helps mitigate fiscal risks arising from state-owned enterprises.” Nimal Siripala de Silva, the Minister of Ports, Shipping, and Aviation of Sri Lanka, harshly criticized the airline and its inability to operate flights consistently recently, saying that there was no point in keeping the airline flying with taxpayer money, reported Sri Lanka’s Daily FT. “There are better initiatives that these limited resources can be used for the betterment of many people in the country.” Imminent deadline According to de Silva, potential bidders must respond to the Expressions of Interest (EOI) invitation. The deadline to submit any potential interest in the privatization of SriLankan Airlines has been set for March 5, with the government aiming to offload SriLankan Airlines to a private enterprise. SriLankan Airlines Airbus A330-200 at Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport. Photo: Soos Jozsef | Shutterstock However, the minister stated that with the continuous reputational damage to the airline, some bidders have expressed their desire to withdraw from the process, harshly adding that if these developments continue, the country will be unable to offload the carrier even for free. https://simpleflying.com/rat-grounds-srilankan-airlines-airbus-a330-3-days/ Airplane tires don't last all that long. Here's why Airlines lease their tires from manufacturers essentially on a per-landing basis An aircraft’s tires are usually an afterthought for most airline passengers. Despite only being on the ground for brief periods of time during most flights, planes still use their tires a great deal. Incredibly, aircraft tires rarely blow out but have relatively short lifespans. Planes get pushed back from the gate, taxi to the runway and take off. Most importantly, the aircraft needs to land. The physical load tires are put through on an airliner is immense during landing. The Boeing 737 Max 9 has a maximum landing weight just under 164,000 pounds and will touch down at speeds over 130 miles per hour. According to Air Canada, tires fitted to the main landing gear last between 300 and 450 landings on average. The range in landing numbers is attributed to varying levels of wear and tear across different runways. Debris on the ground is always a concern for carriers and airports because everything from rocks and loose bits of pavement to excessive rubber build-up can accelerate tread deterioration. Canada’s flag carrier even mentions that nose gear tires have an even shorter lifespan through steering the airliner on the ground. Goodyear and Michelin have specialized divisions dedicated to producing aircraft tires and no, their plane products aren’t scaled-up car tires. Airline mechanics inflate tires to pressures around 200 pounds per square inch, multiple times higher than the average tire on a road car. The inflation process happens with the tire placed inside a safety cage to protect mechanics on the off chance there’s a catastrophic failure. Airlines don’t outright own the tires fitted to their planes, so it’s in the manufacturer’s best interest that tires last as long as possible and do not fail. Carriers lease tires from their suppliers on a per-landing basis. Once a tire reaches the end of its lifespan, it is returned to the supplier and retreaded for be used for another lifespan by an airline. Michelin states that it can retread an aircraft tire up to seven times before it can no longer be used. The next time you’re on a flight, you can rest assured that a tire company doesn’t want to eat the cost of a potential tire blowout. https://qz.com/airplane-tires-landings-leases-1851285948 India’s IndiGo Airlines to lease up to 20 aircraft - report IndiGo Airlines (6E, Delhi International) is looking to dry-lease about 12 aircraft from the secondary market and wet-lease up to eight airframes to address the grounding of several A320-200N and A321-200NX due to the Pratt & Whitney engine issues, according to a report from Money Control. The Indian LCC is in talks with multiple leasing companies and carriers to add to its fleet before the summer schedule and is set to be in the final stage of negotiations with Qatar Airways (QR, Doha Hamad International) for five aircraft and Ryanair (FR, Dublin International) for three. The proposed deal with the Qatari airline was also reported earlier this month, albeit as a damp lease covering five B737-8s. "We are continuously in the process of evaluating options available. As a policy, we do not comment on speculations and will share any information as and when we have anything to share," IndiGo Airlines told ch-aviation. Qatar Airways and Ryanair were not immediately available for comment. The ch-aviation fleets module shows that IndiGo wet-leases 12 aircraft, including two B777-300ERs from Turkish Airlines, and ten A320-200s from SmartLynx Airlines and SmartLynx Airlines Estonia, with five apiece. The Indian carrier’s fleet comprises 350 in-house planes, including twenty A320-200s, 188 A320-200Ns, three A321-200(P2F)s, ninety-four A321-200NX, and forty-five ATR72-600s. Currently, forty-five A320-200Ns and fifteen A321-200NX are grounded. It does not and never has operated any in-house Boeing aircraft. If confirmed, it would be the first such ACMI contract for Ryanair, an LCC which does not serve India and has been vocal about not having enough aircraft for its own operations due to Boeing delivery delays. The carrier operates B737-800s and B737-8-200s, except for its Maltese subsidiary, Lauda Europe (LW, Malta International), which operates twenty-eight A320-200s. https://www.ch-aviation.com/news/137469-indias-indigo-airlines-to-lease-up-to-20-aircraft-report Cathay Pacific hires 40 cadet pilots from mainland China, but flight crew union says Hong Kong airline can only cope with reduced operations Hong Kong Aircrew Officers Association says new hires not enough to get Cathay back to pre-pandemic service levels Airline says it is focused on Hong Kong hiring, but it was ‘difficult’ for residents who wanted to become pilots Hong Kong flag carrier Cathay Pacific Airways has hired about 40 cadet pilots from mainland China to boost staffing numbers, its top management has said, but the aircrew union warned the airline did not have sufficient personnel to return to pre-pandemic service levels. Chris Kempis, the airline’s director of flight operations, said on Monday that it had taken on about 40 people out of 870 mainland applicants qualified to train as pilots after it began recruitment last year. https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/hong-kong-economy/article/3253286/hong-kong-flag-carrier-cathay-pacific-hires-200-cadet-pilots-mainland-china-flight-crew-union-says CALENDAR OF EVENTS • 2024 Women in Aviation International Conference - March 21-23 (Orlando) • SMU Air Law Symposium - March 21-22, 2024 ( Dallas, TX) • 2024 ACSF Safety Symposium – Air Charter Safety Foundation - April 1-3, 2024 • Blazetech - Aircraft Fire Hazards, Protection, and Investigation Course June 4 - 7, 2024 • Airborne Public Safety Association, Inc. (APSCON 2024) - July 29 - August 3; Houston TX • Asia Pacific Airline Training Symposium - APATS 2024, 0-11 September, 2024, Singapore • • 2024 ISASI - Lisbon, Portugal - September 30 to October 4, 2024 • 2024 NBAA Business Aviation Convention & Exhibition - Oct. 22-24 (Vegas) Curt Lewis